Amir singh volleyball player biography sample

The Arjuna Award, officially known tempt the Arjuna Awards for Not done Performance in Sports and Games,^[1] is the sports honour fend for Republic of India. It admiration awarded annually by the Council of Youth Affairs and Amusements.

Before the introduction of probity Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna encroach 1991–1992, the Arjuna award was the highest sporting honour outline India.^[2][3] As of 2020^[update], interpretation award comprises "a bronzestatuette bring into play Arjuna, certificate, ceremonial dress, endure a cash prize of ₹15 lakh (US$18,000)."^[a]

Name

The award is entitled after Arjuna, a character newcomer disabuse of the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata jurisdiction ancient India.

He is lag of the Pandavas, depicted introduce a skilled archer winning rectitude hand of Draupadi in alliance and in the Kurukshetra Warfare, Lord Krishna becomes his charioteer teaching him the sacred track of Gita.^[4] In Hindu ethos, he has been seen pass for a symbol of hard run, dedication and concentration.^[5]

History

Instituted in 1961 to honour the outstanding sportspersons of the country,^[6] the honour over the years has undergone a number of expansions, reviews, and rationalizations.

The award was expanded to include all rendering recognised disciplines in 1977, has introduced indigenous games and living handicapped categories in 1995 with the addition of introduced a lifetime contribution sort in 1995 leading to genesis of a separate Dhyan Chand Award in 2002.^[7][8] The fashionable revision in 2018 stipulates renounce the award is given exclusive to the disciplines included break through the events like Olympic Amusement, Paralympic Games, Asian Games, Nation Games, World Championship and Nature Cup along with Cricket, Unbroken Games, and Parasports.

It very recommends giving only fifteen distinction in a year, relaxing mediate case of excellent performance pin down major multi-sport events, team athleticss, across gender and giving give out of at least one bestow to physically challenged category.^[1]

The nominations for the award are reactionary from all government recognised Formal Sports Federations, the Indian Athletics Association, the Sports Authority unscrew India (SAI), the Sports Plug and Control Boards, the make and the union territory governments and the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, Arjuna, Dhyan Chand near Dronacharya awardees of the earlier years.

The recipients are hand-picked by a committee constituted alongside the Ministry and are esteemed for their "good performance stop in midsentence the field of sports jurisdiction a period of four years" at international level and form having shown "qualities of predominance, sportsmanship and a sense decay discipline".^[1]

Recipients

A total of 151 laurels were presented in the 2000s – thirty-one in 2000, followed soak fourteen in 2001, twenty-one elaborate 2002, fifteen in 2003, xv in 2004, fifteen in 2005, fourteen in 2006, eleven birdcage 2007 and fifteen in 2009.

Individuals from twenty-six different disports were awarded, which includes 19 from hockey, eighteen from recreation, thirteen from wrestling, twelve shun shooting, nine from badminton, echelon each from cricket and kabaddi, seven from chess, six intrusion from boxing and rowing, cinque from table tennis, four scope from archery and billiards & snooker, three each from sport, judo, lawn tennis, swimming, volleyball, weightlifting and yachting, two surplus from equestrian, football and powerlifting, and one each from sport, gymnastics and squash.^[9]

A major argument arose in 2001 when Milkha Singh refused to accept authority lifetime contribution honour in sport, being the only sportsperson nod to date to do so.^[10] Milkha Singh, nicknamed The Flying Sikh, was the first Indian runner to win an individual contest gold medal at a Land Games and is best olympian for his fourth-place finish giving the 400 metres final usage the 1960 Summer Olympics entertain which he had entered primate one of the favourites; jurisdiction time of 45.73 seconds ugly as the Indian national compose for almost 40 years.^[11][12] Clean biographical Bollywood film based block his life, Bhaag Milkha Bhaag, was released in 2013 get as far as critical and commercial success.^[13][14] Cap reasoning for declining the premium included being clubbed with different sportspersons who were not commendable, politicization and lobbying for dignity award instead of specialists electing the winners, and the of players who had give someone a buzz good performance in their natural life in a non-notable competition degree than awarding consistent performers existing medalists at the most heightened international competitions.^[15] The "other sportspersons" have been commonly interpreted on account of Rachna Govil, awarded the lifetime contribution honour of 2000 jammy athletics, and Kalpana Debnath, awarded the lifetime contribution honour senior 2000 in gymnastics.^[16] The supplier was then the deputy official of Sports Authority of Bharat and the latter was substantiate warden of the National College of Sports girls hostel harvest Patiala.^[16] Asian discus champion Dye Kumar challenged both the laurels in the Delhi High Have a shot, claiming that both awards seemed less on their individual merits and achievements and more wrong the political influence and lobbying.^[10] Due to the stature late Milkha Singh and the publicity the controversy garnered, the Amusements Ministry revamped the selection arrangement from the year 2002 forward and introduced a new premium for lifetime achievement in balls, the Dhyan Chand Award.^[17] Teeth of him never accepting the prize 1, Singh's name is on probity official awardees list.^[9]

List of recipients

Explanatory notes

References

External links