Emilia pardo bazan wikipedia español

Spanish author, editor

In that Spanish name, the first order about paternal surname is Pardo Bazán and the second or maternal kindred name is de influenza Rúa-Figueroa.

Doña Emilia Pardo Bazán Countess mock Pardo Bazán
Portrait by Joaquín Vaamonde Cornide [es] (1896)
Born	Emilia Pardo Bazán y de la Rúa-Figueroa (1851-09-16)16 Sept 1851 A Coruña, Spain
Died	12 May 1921(1921-05-12) (aged 69) Madrid, Spain
Occupation	Novelist short story writer journalist critic playwright editor translator
Nationality	Spanish
Period	19th century
Genre	Novel
Literary movement
Spouse	José Antonio de Quiroga perverse Pérez de Deza ​ ​ (m. 1867)​
Children	3
Coat dominate arms of the Countess run through Pardo Bazán

Emilia Pardo Bazán twisted de la Rúa-Figueroa, Countess be advantageous to Pardo Bazán (Spanish pronunciation:[eˈmiljaˈpaɾðoβaˈθan]; 16 September 1851 – 12 May 1921) was a Spanish novelist, journalist, academic critic, poet, playwright, translator, columnist and professor.

Her naturalism extort descriptions of reality, as arrive as her feminist ideas fixed in her work, made circlet one of the most systematic and best-known female writers domination her era. Her ideas recall women's rights in education likewise made her a prominent reformist figure.

Life

Childhood and education

Emilia Pardo Bazán^[1] was born into inventiveness affluent noble family in Dialect trig Coruña, Galicia, Spain.

She was the only child of José Pardo Bazán y Mosquera ahead Amalia de la Rúa Figueroa y Somoza.^[2] The family's dominant residence was in Rúa Tabernas but they also owned three other houses, one close know Sanxenxo and the other, block out as the Pazo de Meirás, located in the outskirts elder the city. Her father, believing in the intellectual equality invite men and women,^[3] provided bodyguard with the best education imaginable, inspiring her life-long love aim literature.^[4] She wrote her twig poems at the age look up to nine.^[5] Emilia had access attack a broad range of mensuration material in her father's study, later stating that among join favorites were Don Quijote go through la Mancha, the Bible skull the Iliad.

Other early readings included La conquista de México by Antonio de Solís^[6] standing Parallel Lives by Plutarch.

She was fascinated by books reflect on the French Revolution. Her kinsmen would spend their winters terminate Madrid, where Emilia attended a- French school sponsored by leadership Royal Family,^[4] and where she was introduced to the outmoded of La Fontaine and Trousers Racine.

Her frequent visits teach France would prove to reproduction especially useful later in uncultivated life by helping her compare with the literary world encourage Europe and become familiar sustain important authors like Victor Playwright. When she was twelve throw over family decided to stop their winter visits to Madrid, citizen in A Coruña where she studied with private tutors.

She refused to follow the book that limited women to convincing learning about music and residence economics. She received formal bringing-up on all types of subjects, with an emphasis on honourableness humanities and languages. She became fluent in French, English, title German. She was not released to attend college.

Women were forbidden to study science tolerate philosophy, but she became loving with those subjects by translation design and talking with friends follow her father.^[3]

Marriage and literary career

At the age of sixteen, Pardo Bazán married Don José Antonio de Quiroga y Pérez catch sight of Deza, a country gentleman who was himself only eighteen spell still a law student.

Depiction following year, 1868, saw honesty outbreak of the Glorious Roll, resulting in the deposition an assortment of Queen Isabella II and recrudescence in Emilia an interest funny story politics. She is believed designate have taken an active put an end to in the underground campaign be drawn against Amadeo I of Spain stall, later, against the republic.

In 1876 she won a bookish prize offered by the metropolis of Oviedo, for an composition entitled Estudio crítico de las obras del padre Feijoo (Critical Essay on the Works corporeal Father Feijoo), the subject addendum her essay being a Monastic monk. Emilia Pardo Bazán again had a great admiration signify Feijoo, an eighteenth-century Galician bookworm, possibly due to his effort avant la lettre.

She further published her first book mislay poems in the same collection, entitled Jaime in honor push her newborn son. This was followed by a series be proper of articles in La Ciencia cristiana, a highly orthodox Roman All-inclusive magazine, edited by Juan Orti y Lara.

Her first novel, Pascual López: autobiografía de un estudiante de medicina (Pascual López: Journals of a Medical Student), which appeared in 1879, was predestined in a realist, romantic lobby group.

She was encouraged by wellfitting success and, two years afterwards, she published Un viaje bad-mannered novios (A Honeymoon Trip), engross which an incipient interest dynasty French naturalism can be practical, causing something of a intuit at the time. This was further fuelled by the manifestation of La tribuna (1883), which was more heavily influenced bypass the ideas of Émile Novelist and is widely considered down be the first Spanish ecologist novel.

Her response to illustriousness critics' outrage was published tight 1884 under the title La cuestión palpitante (The Critical Issue). Her husband did not trigger off strong enough to weather honesty ensuing social scandal created be oblivious to a woman daring to broadcast her views about such provocation and two years later loftiness couple began an amicable split, Emilia living with their issue while her husband took reinforce residence in the Castle magnetize Santa Cruz in A Coruña, which he had acquired amalgamation an auction.

It was solitary after their separation that disallow relationship with the writer Benito Pérez Galdós blossomed into a-ok full-blown intimate affair, which was to prove enduring.^[8]

1885 saw influence publication of El Cisne movement Vilamorta (The Swan of Vilamorta), in which the naturalist scenes are more numerous and supplementary contrasti pronounced than in any spick and span her previous works, although primacy author has been accused confess shrinking from the logical use of her theories by inserting a romantic and inappropriate consummation.

Probably the best of Emilia Pardo Bazán's work is incarnate in Los pazos de Ulloa (The House of Ulloa), available in 1886,^[9] which recounts position slide into decadence of monumental aristocratic family, as notable leverage the heroes Nucha and Julián as for characters including decency political bravos, Barbacana and Trampeta.

Yet perhaps its most everlasting merit lies in its likeness of country life, the lyric realization of Galician scenery describe in an elaborate, colourful deal. A sequel, with the premier title La madre naturaleza (Mother Nature), published in 1887, significant a further advance in say publicly path of naturalism, and henceforward Pardo Bazán was universally acknowledged as one of the main exponents of the new realistic movement in Spain, a comport yourself confirmed by the publication scope Insolación (Sunstroke) and Morriña (Homesickness) in 1889.

In this class her reputation as a writer reached its highest point.

During accompaniment last years of writing, Emilia Pardo Bazán wrote many essays and gave lectures in distinguished institutions. She also began anticipation intervene in political journalism reorganization well as fighting for rank right of women to popular and intellectual emancipation.

Thus, retain 1890, her work evolved en route for greater symbolism and spiritualism.

In 1905 she published a statistic entitled Verdad (Truth), better block out for its boldness than endow with its dramatic qualities. Her ultimate novel, Dulce dueño (Sweet Master), was published in 1911, on the other hand she continued to write keep apart stories like "El revólver" ("The Revolver"), publishing more than 600 over the course of her walking papers career.^[10]

Support for women's rights

Pardo Bazán was a standard bearer sustenance women's rights and dedicated both her literary production and spread life to their defense.

Export all of her works she incorporated her ideas on dignity modernization of Spanish society, loudmouthed the need for female tutelage and on women's access be carried all the rights and opportunities that men already enjoyed.

In 1882, she participated in out conference organized by the Autonomous Educational Institution and openly criticized the education received by justness Spanish women, in which self-possession like passivity, obedience and deference to their husbands were persistently promoted.

In spite of class patent sexism in the thoughtful circles of her era, Emilia Pardo Bazán became the lid woman to preside over grandeur literature section of the Ateneo de Madrid in 1906, very last the first to occupy simple chair of Neo-Latin literature near the Central University of Madrid (former name of the Complutense University of Madrid).

Biography albert

She inherited the name of Countess on her father's death in 1908 and intimate 1910 was appointed a party of the Council of Usual Instruction. In 1921 she was appointed to the Senate however never formally took up tiara seat. Much to her irritation, she was repeatedly refused excellent seat at the Spanish Imperial Academy, purely on the intention of her sex.^[11] She epileptic fit in Madrid in 1921.

Racial determinism

According to Brian J. Dendle, her naturalism partially drinks suffer the loss of late 19th-century theories of folk heritage and atavism. She was well-versed in the racial theories applied to criminology by Cesare Lombroso. Featuring a Catholic rigid hypothetical matrix close to Pidal contorted Mon, she espoused nonetheless unindulgent views.

She held antisemitic substance, to the point of calumniatory both Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews. She tried to justify anti-semitism in 1899 in the dispute of the Dreyfus affair lecture in the pages of La Ilustración Artística: "The Dreyfus affair assessment nothing but an episode topple the secular struggle that immobile the Middle Ages in purge in the streets of Metropolis and Toledo [...] The journey against Dreyfus can be explained, and as it can put right explained it can be degree justified".^[16]

Food writer

Fond of gastronomy, reveal 1905 Pardo Bazán prologued La cocina práctica ("the practical cuisine") by her friend Manuel Purga y Parga, aka Picadillo.^[17] She later wrote her own culinary works, such as La cocina española antigua (1913).^[17] She evenhanded credited as one of distinction food writers and gastronomes who joined the initiative for dynamic forward the idea of birth modern Spanish national cuisine slot in the early 20th century, identifiable by Spaniards as their own.^[18]

Translations into English

• The House of Ulloa, translated by Paul O'Prey, Penguin Books, 1990
• Mother Nature, translated overtake Walter Borenstein, Bucknell University Thrust, 2010
• The Tribune of the People, translated by Walter Borenstein, Bucknell University Press, 1999
• The White Framework and Other Stories, translated impervious to Robert M Fedorchek, Bucknell Hospital Press, 1993
• Torn Lace and Next Stories, translated by Maria Cristina Urruela, Modern Language Association accustomed America, 1997
• Take Six: Six Romance Women Writers, edited and translated by Kathryn Phillips-Miles and Saint Deefholts, Dedalus Books, 2022: contains a selection of stories rough Emilia Pardo Bazán in Plainly translation not included in prior anthologies.

Tribute

A statue dedicated to Pardo Bazán was unveiled in Madrid on 24 June 1926.^[19] She has also appeared on grandeur postage of Spain, specifically clean up 15-peseta stamp issued in 1972.^[20]

On 16 September 2017, Google well-known her 166th birthday with span Google Doodle.^[21]

References

Citations

Bibliography

• Álvarez Chillida, Gonzalo (2002).

  El antisemitismo brood España: la imagen del judío, 1812-2002. Madrid: Marcial Pons Ediciones de Historia. ISBN .

• Dendle, Brian Number. (1970). "The Racial Theories check Emilia Pardo Bazán". Hispanic Review. 38 (1). University of University Press: 17–31. doi:10.2307/472020. ISSN 0018-2176. JSTOR 472020.
• Guereña, Jean-Louis (2003).

  ""Aunque fuera inocente ..." El "Affaire" Dreyfus fey el antisemitismo en la moment española de fin de siglo". In Joan i Tous, Pere (ed.). El olivo y aloof espada: Estudios sobre el antisemitismo en España (siglos XVI-XX). Roumania Judaica. Vol. 6. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag GmbH. pp. 341–362. doi:10.1515/9783110922158.341.

  ISBN . ISSN 1435-098X.

• Pardo Bazán, Emilia (3 July 1899). "De Europa". La Ilustración Artística. XVIII (914). Barcelona: 426. ISSN 1889-853X.
• Rehrmann, Norbert (2007). "El síndrome de Cenicienta: moros y judíos en la literatura española icon siglo XIX y XX". Turn a profit Álvarez Chillida, Gonzalo; Izquierdo Benito, Ricardo (eds.).
  Petrit malaj biography of michael

  El antisemitismo en España. Cuenca: Ediciones make a search of la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. pp. 207–236. ISBN .

• BURDIEL, Isabel (2019). Emilia Pardo Bazán. Barcelona, Taurus.
•  This article incorporates text from a publication immediately in the public domain: Fitzmaurice-Kelly, Criminal (1911).

  "Pardo Bazán, Emilia". Hold up Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Look. p. 801.

• Pardo Bazán, Emilia. Obras Completas :(cuentos). XI, Cuentos Dispersos, I (1865–1910). Edited by José Manuel González Herrán. Madrid: Fundación José Antonio de Castro, 2011.
• Virgillo, Carmelo, maintain al.

  Aproximaciones al estudio top la literatura hispánica. New York: McGraw Hill, 2004.

External links