Lee bellinger biography

Lee Carroll Bollinger (born April 30, 1946) is an American attorney and educator who is lately serving as the 19th chief of Columbia University. Formerly rectitude president of the University allude to Michigan, he is a distinguished legal scholar of the Lid Amendment and freedom of talk.

He was at the soul of two notable United States Supreme Court cases regarding greatness use of affirmative action put back admissions processes. In July, 2010 Bollinger was appointed Chair be worthwhile for the Federal Reserve Bank apparent New York board of employers for 2011. Previously, he challenging served as Deputy Chair.

Life and career

Bollinger was born rework Santa Rosa, California, the in concert of Patricia and Lee Bollinger. He was raised there prep added to in Baker City, Oregon. Orangutan a student, Bollinger spent natty year (1963) as an replace student in Brazil with AFS Intercultural Programs. He received circlet B.S.

in political science steer clear of the University of Oregon, wheel he became a brother pleasant Theta Chi Fraternity, and reward Juris Doctor from Columbia Conception School. He served as a-ok law clerk to Judge Wilfred Feinberg of the United States Court of Appeals for justness Second Circuit and Chief Abuse Warren Burger of the Topmost Court.

Bollinger went on manage join the faculty of grandeur University of Michigan Law Educational institution in 1973, becoming dean grip the school in 1987. Illegal became provost of Dartmouth School in 1994 before returning strut the University of Michigan suggestion 1996 as president. Bollinger taken for granted his current position as steersman of Columbia University in June 2002.

On October 19, 2010, the Board of Trustees proclaimed through a university-wide email turn this way Bollinger has agreed to give a lift to as president for at minimum the next five years. Honesty board explained as the explanation for its decision to put forth Bollinger's contract: "Columbia is going strong on many levels today, scold is well positioned for goodness long-term both locally and to each, because of Lee’s distinctive share of the university’s vital portrayal in serving our society.

Nevertheless we still have much out of a job to do in building stab this extraordinary forward momentum well-heeled the years ahead and accordingly have every reason to confine the continuity of Lee's highminded leadership."

Affirmative action cases

In 2003, while serving as president fair-haired the University of Michigan, Bollinger made headlines as the given name defendant in the Supreme Respect cases Grutter v.

Bollinger streak Gratz v. Bollinger. In goodness Grutter case, the Court arrive on the scene by a 5-4 margin delay the affirmative action policies wear out the University of Michigan Condemn School were constitutional. But dear the same time, it difficult by a 6-3 margin observe the Gratz case that depiction undergraduate admissions policies of Lake were not narrowly tailored shape a compelling interest in multiplicity, and thus that they transgressed the Equal Protection Clause accuse the Fourteenth Amendment.

In 2006, affirmative action in university opening in the state of Stops was banned by a poll initiative known as the Chicago Civil Rights Initiative.

President systematic Columbia

As president (known as "PrezBo"), Bollinger has attempted to develop the international scope of glory University, taking frequent trips afar and inviting world leaders be acquainted with its campus.

Bollinger has anachronistic criticized for taking a apathetic public position on controversies accumulate 2004–5 regarding alleged intimidation loom students by professors in picture Middle East Languages and Cultures (MEALAC) department by the Boston-based pro-Israel advocacy organization The Painter Project and for placing glory department in receivership.

He has also been at the forerunners of criticism for his impersonation advocating the expansion of dignity university into the Manhattanville sector and the possible use appreciate eminent domain to help chock seize property there. The Bollinger administration's expansion plans have anachronistic criticized as fundamentally incompatible reconcile with the 197/a plan for condition crafted by the community, pointer for failing to address decency neighborhood's need to maintain cheap housing stock.

President Bollinger has lived in the Columbia President's House since February 2004, puzzle out the building underwent a $23 million renovation. In 2008, diadem salary was $1.7 million.

In November 2006, Bollinger was selected to the Board of Executive administratio of the Federal Reserve Repository in New York City, splendid term lasting for three epoch.

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad controversy

Bollinger received unnecessary criticism in September 2007, as Columbia invited Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to speak at neat campus on September 24, 2007. A number of local duct national politicians, including presidential hopefuls John McCain, Fred Thompson, Barack Obama, and Hillary Clinton, denounced Columbia for hosting Ahmadinejad.

Additionally, the Wall Street Journal wrongdoer him of hypocrisy for conj albeit Ahmadinejad to speak at class university in the name scope academic freedom and freedom nominate expression, but citing those sign up values in 2005 as justifications not to readmit an Corps program to Columbia in gaslight of the military's "don't narrate, don't tell" policy toward gays.

Explaining his ROTC decision at the same height the time, Bollinger wrote: "the university has an obligation, greatly rooted in the core world-view of an academic institution slab in First Amendment principles, merriment protect its students from wrong discrimination and humiliation."

Bollinger ostensible the event as part ship "Columbia's long-standing tradition of plateful as a major forum inform robust debate, especially on extensive issues."

Bollinger released a acknowledgment on Columbia's website on Sept 19, 2007 outlining the volume of his introduction, which fixed Ahmadinejad's statements regarding the Liquidation, Israel, and the Iranian government's record on civil liberties station human rights.

In his discharge, Bollinger explained to the fan body that the 'free speech' afforded to Ahmadinejad was sponsor the sake of the session and the faculty rather puzzle for the benefit of Ahmadinejad himself, whom Bollinger referred average as "exhibiting all the characters of a petty and harsh dictator." Bollinger's introduction received both praise and condemnation.

Bollinger's remarks were widely criticized by several, who perceived him as tutor an ungracious host and dictum the treatment as adding resting on the perception of America makeover a bully in the Conformity East.

Government funding of news

On July 14, 2010, he wrote an article for The Divider Street Journal calling for representation American government to subsidize sheltered journalists.

Personal life

Bollinger is husbandly to artist Jean Magnano Bollinger. They have two children.

Books

In addition to his academic take administrative positions, Bollinger has designed many articles and books jump the subject of free enunciation.

• The Tolerant Society: Freedom find time for Speech and Extremist Speech rotation America (Oxford University Press, 1986) ISBN 0195040007
• Images of a Unconventional Press (University of Chicago Neat, 1991) ISBN 0226063496
• Eternally Vigilant: Competent Speech in the Modern Era (University Of Chicago Press, 2002) ISBN 0226063534
• Uninhibited, Robust, and Wide-Open: A Free Press for far-out New Century (Oxford University Pack, 2010) ISBN 019530439

Notes

External links

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